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The applicable IDN table developed by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC); C-DAC is a R&D organization of the Department of Information Technology (DIT) in India. C-DAC oversees regulations and policies on Indian IDN registrations, including standardization of the Hindi language tables, linguistic and variant mapping policies, and registration policies.
Afilias Limited, the registry backend service provider, evaluates IDN tables on 4 categories:
1. Conformance to IDNA: Afilias was actively involved in efforts to evolve the IDNA standards to ensure they are more responsive to technical and social needs, as reflected in RFCs 5890, 5891, 5892, and 5893. Each Unicode character, including variants, that are captured within the IDN table are analyzed against the IDNA protocol to ensure full compliance; examples of incompatibility includes characters that are prohibited in IDNA. Incompatible characters are excluded from the tables.
2. Completeness of the Table: Afilias determines whether the IDN table is complete, ensuring that there are no corner cases that may lead to confusion to end-users. In this process, specifically if variants exist, Afilias analyzes each character and its associated variants to ensure that each character produces the same set of variants. If all variant mappings and reverse mappings correlate, the IDN table is considered complete. Any exceptions are raised to C-DAC for further evaluation and recommendations.
3. Registration and Administration Policies: In the analysis of supporting Hindi IDNs, Afilias references a policy document produced by C-DAC: Internationalized Domain Names in Hindi.
Upon completion of the analysis, Afilias determined that there were no outstanding issues regarding the Hindi IDN table.
4. Registry Policies: Upon successful evaluation of the IDN tables and its registration policies, Afilias considered additional policies to ensure consistency of implementation, as well as to prevent potential abusive behavior to ensure a high quality of service.
These policies include:
• Identifying the maximum allowable Unicode characters for a given domain registration. The maximum length may vary for different scripts and is enforced to ensure the A-label does not exceed the maximum label length. Afilias solicits feedback from C-DAC to ensure the limitation does not impact the registrar, registrant or user experience.
• Identifying the maximum allowable variants permitted per IDN registration. The maximum allowable variants prevent malicious use of IDN registrations that may impact the quality of the registry service.
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In 2008, Afilias was among the founding members of the Arabic Script Working Group; whose purpose was to establish a framework for the implementation of IDNs in Arabic script. The key objective of the group was to develop the Arabic IDN tables along with its associated variants, taking into consideration technical, linguistic and policy matters. The applicable IDN table is referenced in RFC 5564: Linguistic Guidelines for the Use of the Arabic Language in Internet Domains, which incorporated the recommendations made by the Arabic Script Working Group.
Afilias evaluates IDN tables on 4 categories:
1. Conformance to IDNA: Afilias was actively involved in efforts to evolve the IDNA standards to ensure they are more responsive to technical and social needs, as reflected in RFCs 5890, 5891, 5892, and 5893. Each Unicode character, including variants, that are captured within the IDN table are analyzed against the IDNA protocol to ensure full compliance; examples of incompatibility includes characters that are prohibited in IDNA. Incompatible characters are excluded from the tables.
2. Completeness of the Table: Afilias determines whether the IDN table is complete, ensuring that there are no corner cases that may lead to confusion to end-users. In this process, specifically if variants exist, Afilias analyzes each character and its associated variants to ensure that each character produces the same set of variants. If all variant mappings and reverse mappings correlate, the IDN table is considered complete.
3. Registration and administration policies: In the analysis of supporting Arabic IDNs, Afilias references RFC 5564: Linguistic Guidelines for the Use of the Arabic Language in Internet Domains.
Upon completion of the analysis, Afilias determined that there were no outstanding issues regarding the Arabic IDN tables.
4. Registry policies: Upon successful evaluation of the IDN tables and its registration policies, Afilias considered additional policies to ensure consistency of implementation, as well as to prevent potential abusive behavior to ensure a high quality of service.
These policies include:
• Identifying the maximum allowable Unicode characters for a given domain registration. The maximum length may vary for different scripts and is enforced to ensure the A-label does not exceed the maximum label length.
• Identifying the maximum allowable variants permitted per IDN registration. The maximum allowable variants prevent malicious use of IDN registrations that may impact the quality of the registry service.