gTLD	Full Legal Name	E-mail suffix	Detail
.madrid	Comunidad de Madrid	madrid.org	View

The .MADRID TLD application is submitted by the Region of Madrid (Comunidad de Madrid), which is the Government of the region of Madrid region; analogous to the States in the Federal States of the USA) on behalf of, and for the Madrid community.

The following clauses (A), (B) and (C) describe the delineation of the Madrid community and corresponding policy principles of the .MADRID TLD.

(A) The Madrid community comprises individuals as citizens and legal entities with presence in the Region of Madrid. This territory comprises the 179 Municipalities, including the city of Madrid and its metropolitan area Madrid is the capital of Spain as established by art. 5 of the Spanish Constitution. A bona fide presence in the Madrid area may be determined by the following:

- residence in the Madrid area, or

- the pursuit of lawful business activities in the Madrid area, or

- the pursuit of cultural leisure, and sport activities in the Madrid area, or

- any other kind of direct or indirect presence that is generally accepted as legitimate for, and conducive to the welfare of, the Madrid area.

(B) Registration of domain names under the .MADRID TLD is restricted to members of the Madrid community and subject to the further requirement that the domain name registrant’s direct or indirect presence in the Madrid area and the registrant’s use of the domain name must be:

(1) of a kind that is generally accepted as legitimate and
(2) conducive to the welfare of the Madrid area and
(3) of commensurate quality to the role and importance of the respective domain name and
(4) based on good faith at the time of registration and thereafter.

(C) The government of the Region of Madrid, in relation to the requested .MADRID TLD, acts as the highest representative body for the Region of Madrid, as well as the representative of this community in dealings with other institutions of the Spanish state and its different administrative bodies, including the city of Madrid as state capital. In light of this, the full support of the Spanish Government has been obtained through the Secretary of State for Telecommunications, as well as for the Information Society and that of the city of Madrid, via its activities in the area of Economic Governance, Employment and Citizen Participation, with the common objective of establishing new channels for relationships based on good faith.



Answers to enumerated question points:

How the community is delineated from Internet users generally. Such descriptions may include, but are not limited to, the following: membership, registration, or licensing processes, operation in a particular industry, use of a language.

The Madrid community relates to the geographic area of the Region (Comunidad) of Madrid or the Madrid area, a described above. The Madrid area comprises the geographic urban areas of the city of Madrid. It is clearly recognizable by urban infrastructure, such as the local transport network in and around the City of Madrid. It also comprises 180 other municipalities of diverse size and character.

The delineation described under (A) above matches the reality of the Madrid community as it has existed since the advent of Madrid as a modern metropolis.

A Madrid community has existed for a long time. For as long as it has existed, those who belonged to it were those who had a bona fide presence in the urban area and its surroundings. With the advancement of civilization, new forms of presence (such as business or culture) have become generally accepted. A bona fide presence in the Madrid area may be direct or indirect, on the basis of domicile, activity, cultural links or any other constructive commitment to the Madrid area. It may be emanating from the area or be directed to the area.

Given the vast scope of a modern metropolitan community, and its surroundings, community membership always depends on context. This is why, for the purpose of domain registrations, the strength and quality of the registrant’s nexus must be commensurate to the role and importance of the domain name to the community.

In other words, a bona fide presence in the Madrid area (and thus community membership) is a necessary condition, NOT in itself a sufficient condition for the right to hold any imaginable .MADRID domain name. As the policy principles under (B) above description show, there are additional requirements specific to the intrinsic role and importance of the domain name in question. They concern in particular the nature of the registrant’s presence in the Madrid area and the registrant’s use of the domain name.

The wish to hold a .MADRID domain name is not in itself a sufficient indication of a bona fide presence in the Madrid area. Furthermore, if a person has been able to register a domain name in .MADRID, this does not in itself entitle that person to register any imaginable other .MADRID domain name.


How the community is structured and organized. For a community consisting of an alliance of groups, details about the constituent parts are required.

As any other modern metropolitan area, the Madrid community is organized to the highest degree. The Madrid area belongs to one single, highly integrated community. Because of if its importance and size, the community’s organization involves a number of public bodies and authorities on several levels (such as the Region, the Municipalities, and for the biggest among them, the Districts), treaties between public bodies, joint investments in public infrastructure companies, public-private partnerships, coordinated policies and legal frameworks that define the duties and prerogatives of each body. The public bodies are established by law and their representatives are democratically elected by universal suffrage. It goes without saying that private companies and cultural or welfare organizations also belong to the organization of the community.


When the community was established, including the date(s) of formal organization, if any, as well as a description of community activities to date.

The City of Madrid (and therefore the Greater Madrid Area) has existed as an organized community since Middle Age, having grown naturally over time. It has been the Court and then Capital of Spain since 1561.

The activities of the Madrid community are:
- the shared concerns and pursuits of the residents and stakeholders of the Madrid area (along with their organizations or public bodies)
- the shared use of the infrastructure and services of the Madrid area, such as transport, telecommunications, as well as culture, education, welfare and leisure,
- a strong focus for tourism, including leading role in cultural tourism (Madrid is the seat, for instance, of the World Tourism Organization).
- the role of the City of Madrid as capital of Spain.

The Madrid community includes extensive activities in the digital world specific to the Greater Madrid Community, both in the form of e-government services and public authorities’ contributions to the development of information society. The .MADRID TLD is designed to be directly related to the activities of the Madrid community, including fostering the use of electronic administration and promoting political and social participation.


The current estimated size of the community, both as to membership and geographic extent.

The population of the Madrid area is in the order of 7 million inhabitants. The geographic extension of the Madrid Region is at 8.021 square kilometers.

The Madrid Region comprises, beyond the City of Madrid, 179 Municipalities that can be found on www.madrid.org

gTLD	Full Legal Name	E-mail suffix	Detail
.天主教	Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus (PCCS) (Pontifical Council for Social Communication)	pccs.va	View

The .天主教 TLD belongs to the category of community-based Top-Level Domains. The applicant is the Pontifical Council for Social Communications, henceforth referred to as “PCCS” (in Latin, Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus). The PCCS is a Dicastery of the Holy See, the governing body of the Catholic Church.
The .天主教 TLD belongs to the category of community-based Top-Level Domains. The applicant is the Pontifical Council for Social Communications, henceforth referred to as “PCCS” (in Latin, Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus). The PCCS is a Dicastery of the Holy See, the governing body of the Catholic Church.
By applying for the .天主教 TLD, the PCCS is committed to carrying out its mission of serving the community of the Catholic Church, and in particular its member institutions, including Dioceses, Religious Orders, Institutes of Consecrated Life and organizations affiliated to the Catholic Church.
The “Holy See” is internationally acknowledged to be the highest juridical authority of the Catholic Church, being governed by the Pope, also referred to as “the Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Catholic Church”. For instance, the U.S. Department of State states that “the “Holy See” is the universal government of the Catholic Church and operates from Vatican City State, a sovereign, independent territory […]. The Pope is the ruler of both Vatican City State and the Holy See. The Holy See, as the supreme body of government of the Catholic Church, is a sovereign juridical entity under international law.” (ref. http:⁄⁄www.state.gov⁄r⁄pa⁄ei⁄bgn⁄3819.htm).
As far as the Catholic Church is concerned, it has a long history and traces its origins to the teachings of Jesus Christ (c.33 A.D.).
The Catholic Church has a highly elaborated understanding of its own nature. This understanding is informed primarily by its theological conviction that the Church is both a visible and a spiritual reality. For the purpose of clearly defining the community for whose benefit the .天主教 TLD will be operated, the PCCS understands that it must focus on the institutional and visible dimensions of the Church.

From the beginning, the Catholic Church has availed of structures of communities in order to realize its mission and its identity. These communities include both the “territorial communities”, also called “particular Churches” (i.e. dioceses and other territorial equivalents, such as territorial prelatures, territorial abbacies, vicariates apostolic, prefectures apostolic and permanently established apostolic administrations, etc.), the “membership-based communities” (i.e. Religious Orders and Institutes of Consecrated Life) and “institutionalized activities” of the Catholic Church (including institutions affiliated to the Catholic Church which provide educational, healthcare, communications and charitable services).
The above-mentioned structures are intended to be the beneficiaries of the subject TLD, namely the targets of the second level domains. For the purpose of this application, said territorial communities (e.g. New York, Westminster, Manila), membership-based communities (e.g. Jesuits, Franciscans, Mercy Sisters) and institutionalized activities (e.g. Catholic Universities and Hospitals) will be henceforth referred to as the “TLD Catholic Community”.

HOW THE COMMUNITY IS DELINEATED FROM INTERNET USERS GENERALLY:

The TLD Catholic Community is delineated from the broader Catholic Church and Internet users generally by its direct connection to the Holy See. The .天主教 TLD thus serves to represent the community of Catholic institutions that acknowledge the authority of the Holy See.
The majority of the members of the TLD Catholic Community are identified in the Annuario Pontificio (most updated version as of year 2012), which is the annual directory of institutions related to the Holy See. It lists in a comprehensive and authoritative manner all the governmental offices of the Holy See, as well as the territorial and membership-based communities that are related to the Catholic Church. The remaining members of the TLD Catholic Community, the Catholic institutionalized activities, although not named in the Annuario Pontificio, are nevertheless affiliated to the Holy See. Such a delineation of the TLD Catholic Community is based on the understanding that its members serve the many believers, adherents, parishes, schools, hospitals and charitable activities that fall within the Church’s own broader view of the Catholic community.

STRUCTURE AND ORGANISATION OF THE COMMUNITY:

As specified in Articles 368 and 573 of the Code of Canon Law, the Catholic Community is basically structured into “territorial” and “membership-based” communities as well as institutionalized activities.
“Territorial communities”, which are represented by dioceses and other territorial equivalents, are overseen by a Bishop or equivalent who is responsible for the ordinary governance of that unit. At the same time, each diocese includes different parishes overseen by the Bishop himself. If a diocese is composed of a notable number of parishes, or if it has acquired particular historical relevance, it is called “archdiocese”, and its Bishop is called “Archbishop”.
National Bishops’ Conferences support the work of diocesan Bishops by co-coordinating certain activities and by providing shared services and logistical assistance as is deemed appropriate. There exist also Regional and Continental Conferences involving representatives of the National Conferences. Again, the purpose of these structures is to co-ordinate at the regional and continental level common activities of Bishops. These Conferences assist the individual Bishops but ultimately each Bishop remains personally responsible for the management of his diocese.
Membership-based communities are constituted by established “religious communities” whose members have committed themselves to live a more radical form of service in accordance with the traditions of the communities. These communities have emerged from groups who have dedicated themselves to particular forms of service within the broader Catholic community. These particular communities have their own governance structure and their own specific responsibilities within the life of the Church. The principal global institutes are guided in their activities and internal structures by the Congregation for the Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life (Arts. 105-111 of the Apostolic Constitution Pastor Bonus). The Congregation maintains an official listing of such Institutes, which is published in the Annuario Pontificio.
The community is also constituted by institutions which are responsible for the provision of specific services to the broader Church community, both at the global and local levels. These institutions have their own autonomy insofar as their existence is provided for by their establishment as public juridical bodies (the equivalent within Canon Law to corporations). These institutions include the departments of the Holy See, healthcare, educational, charitable services and communications providers.

ESTABLISHMENT:

In a broad sense, it is possible to say that the Catholic community roots originate in the times of Jesus Christ. However, from an historical point of view, the establishment of the Catholic Church can be traced back to its social affirmation in the Roman Empire. Sporadic and then systematic persecutions of the Christian communities within the I-III Century A.D. in the Roman Empire provide ample evidence of the presence and structure of the Christian communities which gained their official and political recognition as an institution through the Edict of Milan in 313 A.D., by the Roman Emperor Constantine I. With the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, the Christian community rapidly gained political recognition as established by the political treaties signed by Pope Leo I The Gr