gTLD	Full Legal Name	E-mail suffix	Detail
.madrid	Comunidad de Madrid	madrid.org	View

The .MADRID TLD application is submitted by the Region of Madrid (Comunidad de Madrid), which is the Government of the region of Madrid region; analogous to the States in the Federal States of the USA) on behalf of, and for the Madrid community.

The following clauses (A), (B) and (C) describe the delineation of the Madrid community and corresponding policy principles of the .MADRID TLD.

(A) The Madrid community comprises individuals as citizens and legal entities with presence in the Region of Madrid. This territory comprises the 179 Municipalities, including the city of Madrid and its metropolitan area Madrid is the capital of Spain as established by art. 5 of the Spanish Constitution. A bona fide presence in the Madrid area may be determined by the following:

- residence in the Madrid area, or

- the pursuit of lawful business activities in the Madrid area, or

- the pursuit of cultural leisure, and sport activities in the Madrid area, or

- any other kind of direct or indirect presence that is generally accepted as legitimate for, and conducive to the welfare of, the Madrid area.

(B) Registration of domain names under the .MADRID TLD is restricted to members of the Madrid community and subject to the further requirement that the domain name registrant’s direct or indirect presence in the Madrid area and the registrant’s use of the domain name must be:

(1) of a kind that is generally accepted as legitimate and
(2) conducive to the welfare of the Madrid area and
(3) of commensurate quality to the role and importance of the respective domain name and
(4) based on good faith at the time of registration and thereafter.

(C) The government of the Region of Madrid, in relation to the requested .MADRID TLD, acts as the highest representative body for the Region of Madrid, as well as the representative of this community in dealings with other institutions of the Spanish state and its different administrative bodies, including the city of Madrid as state capital. In light of this, the full support of the Spanish Government has been obtained through the Secretary of State for Telecommunications, as well as for the Information Society and that of the city of Madrid, via its activities in the area of Economic Governance, Employment and Citizen Participation, with the common objective of establishing new channels for relationships based on good faith.



Answers to enumerated question points:

How the community is delineated from Internet users generally. Such descriptions may include, but are not limited to, the following: membership, registration, or licensing processes, operation in a particular industry, use of a language.

The Madrid community relates to the geographic area of the Region (Comunidad) of Madrid or the Madrid area, a described above. The Madrid area comprises the geographic urban areas of the city of Madrid. It is clearly recognizable by urban infrastructure, such as the local transport network in and around the City of Madrid. It also comprises 180 other municipalities of diverse size and character.

The delineation described under (A) above matches the reality of the Madrid community as it has existed since the advent of Madrid as a modern metropolis.

A Madrid community has existed for a long time. For as long as it has existed, those who belonged to it were those who had a bona fide presence in the urban area and its surroundings. With the advancement of civilization, new forms of presence (such as business or culture) have become generally accepted. A bona fide presence in the Madrid area may be direct or indirect, on the basis of domicile, activity, cultural links or any other constructive commitment to the Madrid area. It may be emanating from the area or be directed to the area.

Given the vast scope of a modern metropolitan community, and its surroundings, community membership always depends on context. This is why, for the purpose of domain registrations, the strength and quality of the registrant’s nexus must be commensurate to the role and importance of the domain name to the community.

In other words, a bona fide presence in the Madrid area (and thus community membership) is a necessary condition, NOT in itself a sufficient condition for the right to hold any imaginable .MADRID domain name. As the policy principles under (B) above description show, there are additional requirements specific to the intrinsic role and importance of the domain name in question. They concern in particular the nature of the registrant’s presence in the Madrid area and the registrant’s use of the domain name.

The wish to hold a .MADRID domain name is not in itself a sufficient indication of a bona fide presence in the Madrid area. Furthermore, if a person has been able to register a domain name in .MADRID, this does not in itself entitle that person to register any imaginable other .MADRID domain name.


How the community is structured and organized. For a community consisting of an alliance of groups, details about the constituent parts are required.

As any other modern metropolitan area, the Madrid community is organized to the highest degree. The Madrid area belongs to one single, highly integrated community. Because of if its importance and size, the community’s organization involves a number of public bodies and authorities on several levels (such as the Region, the Municipalities, and for the biggest among them, the Districts), treaties between public bodies, joint investments in public infrastructure companies, public-private partnerships, coordinated policies and legal frameworks that define the duties and prerogatives of each body. The public bodies are established by law and their representatives are democratically elected by universal suffrage. It goes without saying that private companies and cultural or welfare organizations also belong to the organization of the community.


When the community was established, including the date(s) of formal organization, if any, as well as a description of community activities to date.

The City of Madrid (and therefore the Greater Madrid Area) has existed as an organized community since Middle Age, having grown naturally over time. It has been the Court and then Capital of Spain since 1561.

The activities of the Madrid community are:
- the shared concerns and pursuits of the residents and stakeholders of the Madrid area (along with their organizations or public bodies)
- the shared use of the infrastructure and services of the Madrid area, such as transport, telecommunications, as well as culture, education, welfare and leisure,
- a strong focus for tourism, including leading role in cultural tourism (Madrid is the seat, for instance, of the World Tourism Organization).
- the role of the City of Madrid as capital of Spain.

The Madrid community includes extensive activities in the digital world specific to the Greater Madrid Community, both in the form of e-government services and public authorities’ contributions to the development of information society. The .MADRID TLD is designed to be directly related to the activities of the Madrid community, including fostering the use of electronic administration and promoting political and social participation.


The current estimated size of the community, both as to membership and geographic extent.

The population of the Madrid area is in the order of 7 million inhabitants. The geographic extension of the Madrid Region is at 8.021 square kilometers.

The Madrid Region comprises, beyond the City of Madrid, 179 Municipalities that can be found on www.madrid.org

gTLD	Full Legal Name	E-mail suffix	Detail
.eus	Puntueus Fundazioa	puntueus.org	View

The .eus TLD will serve the needs of the Basque linguistic and cultural community on the Internet. The community consists of those who use (or commit to use) the Basque language for their online communications, and⁄or promote the different aspects of Basque culture online, and⁄or intend to specifically address their online communications and services to that community.. Eus is the contraction of “Euskara”, which means “basque language” in Basque.

Registrations under the .eus TLD are restricted to bona-fide members of the Basque linguistic and cultural community, and subject to the further requirement that the registrant’s actions in the .eus TLD, as well as the registrant’s use of the registered domain name, must be:

(i) generally accepted as legitimate; and

(ii) beneficial to the cause and the values of the Basque linguistic and cultural community; and

(iii) commensurate with the role and importance of the registered  domain name; and

(iv) in good faith at the time of registration and thereafter.

Puntueus FUNDAZIOA
 
 Puntueus Fundazioa (foundation) is the organization applying for the .eus TLD. It was established in March 6th 2012 by Puntueus Elkartea (association).

Puntueus Elkartea (the association)  has been since its inception in 2008 raising awareness about the .eus TLD project, and taking care of the outreach efforts that have gathered the endorsement and involvement of more than 50 of the most relevant entities of the Basque linguistic and cultural community,

While it has been considered that the foundation legal type is the more adequate to set up the .eus Registry, Puntueus Elkartea will assist and support the foundation to accomplish any social aspects of the initiative, including outreach and awareness.

Answers to enumerated question points:

a) i. How the community is delineated from Internet users generally. Such descriptions may include, but are not limited to, the following: membership, registration, or licensing processes, operation in a particular industry, use of a language.

Being the objective of  the .eus TLD  to serve the Basque linguistic and cultural community, and to contribute to the promotion of the Basque information society sphere, the community is defined by those Internet content creators and end users using online communications in Basque or related to the Basque culture.

a) ii. How the community is structured and organized. For a community consisting of an alliance of groups, details about the constituent parts are required.

Puntueus Fundazioa has been established for the purpose of creating and managing the .eus TLD. To that purpose, a structure that represents a wide array of Institutions from every area of the Basque society, and gathered the support of the most relevant Institutions related to the Basque cultural, technologic, media  professional and Civil Society sectors has been created. Puntueus Fundazioa, therefore, represents a community established centuries ago, with a longstanding existence and consolidated  cultural heritage, organized throughout the centuries in many different layers of political, administrative, academic, commercial, cultural and social layers, that exceed by far the scope of this question.


a) iii. When the community was established, including the date(s) of formal organization, if any, as well as a description of community activities to date.

The Basque language, Euskara, has always awakened the interest of the linguists. In addition to being a language of unknown origin, it is comprised of various dialects and multiple variants which have represented a problem for writers. What language should be chosen in order to reach the greatest number of people?

Therefore, the “Euskalkis” (Basque dialects) are the variants of Euskara (the Basque language). According to the current classification, there are six dialects: Biscayan, Guipuzcoan, Labortan, Souletin, High Navarran and Low Navarran.

In view of this, the need arose to regularise a unified Basque language complement of the dialects. The “Euskara batua” (unified Basque language) arose in the year 1968 (created by the official academy of the Basque Language, Euskaltzaindia, founding member of both the Puntueus Asociación and Fundazioa) and since that time it has tried to be positioned as an element above the Basque dialects, having been converted at the same time into a communication powerful tool of the Basques.

With the passing of time, unified Basque language has increasingly acquired more importance in education, the media and the Administration. The dialects are still used among the population. Therefore, unified Basque language and the Basque dialects complement each other. The Basque Country has a strong presence on the Internet, that the  .eus TLD will reinforce and promote.

a) iv. The current estimated size of the community, both as to membership and geographic extent.))

In accordance with the data from the Sociolinguistic Survey of the Basque Government carried out in 2001, the Basque language has 800,000 speakers and the current figures of Basque speakers are shown below by territories:
In Navarre, 10.3% of the inhabitants are bilingual; 6.6% are passive bilingual and 83.1% are Spanish-speaking monolingual.
In Gipuzkoa, 48% of the inhabitants over 15 years of age are bilingual, 9.5% are passive bilingual and 42.6% are Spanish-speaking monolingual.
In Alava, 75.5% of the population are monolingual Spanish speakers, 13.4% bilingual and 11.1% are passive bilingual.
In Biscay the monolingual Spanish-speaking inhabitants make up 64.9%, the bilingual inhabitants make up 22.4% and 12.6% are passive bilingual.
In the northern Basque Country one of every four inhabitants is bilingual, one of every ten is passive bilingual and the remaining two-thirds are French-speaking monolingual.

Beyond the speakers, the main geographical core of the Basque language and culture covers almost 3 million people. With reference to other countries, the diaspora is very important for the maintenance and development of the Basque linguistic and cultural community. Currently it is estimated that there is a population of 4.5 million people from Basque descent distributed all over the world.

There are nearly 200 Basque Cultural Club distributed throughout the world. The principal objective of these Basque clubs is to maintain the Basque traditions and heritage, including language and culture, and for this reason they organise different activities. Of these 200, 77 are in Argentina, 36 in the United States,10 in Spain, 3 in Brussels and 1 in Shanghai, just to mention some. Therefore, the target community of the .eus TLD is spread throughout the world.

Education has been a fundamental pillar in the development of the Basque linguistic and cultural community. The first book in Basque language was published in the year 1545, ʹLinguae Vasconum Primitiaeʹ written by Bernart Etxepare. As for the press, only one newspaper is published entirely in Basque language: Berria. There are 4 or 5 other bilingual newspapers that are published in Basque language and Spanish or French.More than 20 radio stations, small and large, transmit in Basque language, and there is also availabe a mobile application for listening to most of them.

The Basque language has also become immersed in information and knowledge. The Wikipedia in Basque language has nearly 125,000 entries. In relative percentages, the Basque language is found in the top positions, since it has more pages per speaker. There is no problem to having our computer completely in Basque language. For the large companies such as Microsoft and Google, the Basque language already exists. Google offers nearly all its services also in Basque language and has a translation service. Microsoft, thanks to the agreements reached with the local governments, publishes version of the operating system in Basque language.